Tax informality as a mediator between tax culture and tax evasion in the Peruvian hardware sector
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56183/soar.v8i1.47Keywords:
Tax culture; tax evasion; tax values; tax awarenessAbstract
This chapter aimed to examine the relationships among tax culture, tax values, tax attitudes, and tax knowledge regarding tax evasion in Peru's hardware sector. A non-experimental, cross-sectional, observational, and correlational approach was used, involving a questionnaire distributed to 313 managers in the hardware industry. The findings showed a significant correlation with p=0.000<0.05 and R=0.712. Results also indicated that tax culture and tax values are both low at 82%, tax knowledge is deficient at 71%, and tax attitudes are low at 68%. Conversely, tax evasion is high at 78%, tax informality at 82%, and substantive formal responsibilities at 78%. The data support accepting the alternative hypothesis, revealing a very significant and positive correlation between tax culture and tax evasion. This suggests that greater tax experience and greater stability in taxpayers’ awareness can reduce tax evasion, but resistance to formalization among hardware stores has contributed to increased criminal activity.
References
Alharbi, S., Atawnah, N., Mamun, M., & Ali, M. (2022). Local culture and tax avoidance: Evidence from gambling preference behavior. Global Finance Journal, 52, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gfj.2020.100585.
Alstadsæter, A., Johannesen, N., Ségal, G., & Zucman, G. (2022). Tax evasion and tax avoidance. Journal of Public Economics, 206, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpubeco.2021.104587.
Atuguba, R. (2021). Tax Culture: Perspectives from an African State. American Journal of Trade and Policy, 8(1), 25-58. https://doi.org/10.18034/ajtp.v8i1.510.
Banco Central de Reserva del Perú. (2021). Notas de estudios Nº 80: Operaciones del sector público no financiero: octubre de 2021. https://www.bcrp.gob.pe/docs/Publicaciones/Notas-Estudios/2021/nota-de-estudios-80-2021.pdf
Banerjee, R., Boly, A., & Gillanders, R. (2022). Anti-tax evasion, anti-corruption and public good provision: An experimental analysis of policy spillovers. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 197, 179-194. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2022.03.006.
Barreto, J., & Restrepo, J. (2021). Tax evasion study in a society realized as a diluted Ising model with competing interactions. Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, 582, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2021.126264.
Batrancea, L., Kudla, J., Blaszczak, B., & Kopyt, M. (2022). Differences in tax evasion attitudes between students and entrepreneurs under the slippery slope framework. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 200, 464-482. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2022.06.017.
Blaine, R., & Kiser, E. (2020). State coercion, moral attitudes, and tax compliance: Evidence from a national factorial survey experiment of income tax evasion. Social Science Research, 91, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssresearch.2020.102448.
Bravo, J. (2020). Panorama tributario: Desafíos para el Perú de cara al 2021. https://www.esan.edu.pe/conexion-esan/panorama-tributario-desafios-para-el-peru-de-cara-al-2021
Byanyima, W. (2021). Estado de la justicia fiscal 2021. https://taxjustice.net/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/State_of_Tax_Justice_Report_2021_SPANISH.pdf
Cabrera, M., Sánchez, M., Cachay, L., y Rosas, C. (2021). Cultura tributaria y su relación con la. Revista de Ciencias Sociales, 27(3), 204-208. https://produccioncientificaluz.org/index.php/rcs/article/view/36503/39217
Calderón, M., y Oloya, B. (2021). La cultura tributaria y su relación con la Evasión Tributaria en los Comerciantes del rubro de ferreterías en el sector Albarracín, Trujillo 2021. [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad César Vallejo]. https://repositorio.ucv.edu.pe/bitstream/handle/20.500.12692/78798/Calder%c3%b3n_RMY-Oloya_TBM-SD.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Camacho, Y. (2020). La cultura tributaria y su incidencia con la evasión tributaria de los comerciantes ferreteros del mercado Jesús de Nazareth La Esperanza, 2019. [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Privada de Trujillo]. http://181.176.219.234/bitstream/handle/UPRIT/399/CF-TESIS-CAMACHO%20MOLLA%20YELTSIN%20ROMER.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Casal, S., Faillo, M., & Mittone, L. (2022). I want to pay! - Identifying the Unconditional Tax Propensity (UTP). Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 197, 103-114. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jebo.2022.02.023.
Chavez, J., & Oblitas, R. (2022). The tax culture and its impact on compliance with tax obligations in the company Dream Color E.I.R.L. Cutervo 2020. Sapienza: International Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 3(2), 106-124. https://doi.org/10.51798/sijis.v3i2.313.
CONCYTEC. (2018). Reglamento de calificación, clasificación y registro de los investigadores del sistema nacional de ciencia, tecnología e innovación tecnológica - reglamento RENACYT. https://portal.concytec.gob.pe/images/renacyt/reglamento_renacyt_version_final.pdf
Del Águila, M. (2020). Nivel de cultura tributaria y evasión de impuestos de los comerciantes ferreteros del distrito de Raimondi, Atalaya, 2020. [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Privada de Pucallpa]. http://repositorio.upp.edu.pe/bitstream/UPP/225/1/tesis_mirela.pdf
ECLAC. (2020). Strategies for addressing tax evasion in Latin America and the Caribbean. https://repositorio.cepal.org/bitstream/handle/11362/46301/1/S2000696_es.pdf
Hernández, R., y Mendoza, C. (2018). Metodología de la investigación: Las rutas cuantitativa, cualitativa y mixta (1ra. ed.). McGraw Hill Education.
Khalil, S., & Sidani, Y. (2022). Personality traits, religiosity, income, and tax evasion attitudes: An exploratory study in Lebanon. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 47, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2022.100469.
Mendoza, E. (2021). Cultura tributaria y su relación con la evasión tributaria del IGV de las empresas ferreteras de la ciudad de Chota, 2021. [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Chota]. http://181.65.155.170/bitstream/UNACH/215/1/INFORME%20FINAL%20DE%20TESIS.pdf
Moro, A., & Solano, A. (2020). Does the perception of benefit fraud shape tax attitudes in Europe? Journal of Policy Modeling, 42(5), 1085-1105. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2020.01.008.
Nurlela, I., Kurniawan, A., & UmiyatiI. (2021). The Effect Of Awareness, Morality, Tax Culture, And Distributive Justice On The Taxpayer Compliance. ACCRUALS (Accounting Research Journal of Sutaatmadja), 5(1), 112-129. https://doi.org/10.35310/accruals.v5i01.699.
Ñaupas, H., Valdivia, M., Palacios, J., y Romero, V. (2014). Metodología de la investigación cuantitativas, cualitativa y redacción de tesis (5ta. ed.). Ediciones de la U. https://corladancash.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/01/Metodologia-de-la-inv-cuanti-y-cuali-Humberto-Naupas-Paitan.pdf
OCDE. (2021). Transparencia fiscal en América Latina 2021: Informe de Progreso de la Declaración de Punta del Este. https://www.oecd.org/tax/transparency/documents/Transparencia-Fiscal-en-America-Latina-2021.pdf
Paredes, R., y García, G. (2021). Cultura tributaria como estrategia para disminuir la evasión fiscal en Ecuador. ERUDITUS, 2(1), 75-89. https://doi.org/10.35290/re.v2n1.2021.390.
Peñaranda, C. (2019). Evasión tributaria en rentas de trabajo supera los 2000 millones de soles. https://www.camaralima.org.pe/wp-content/uploads/2020/09/190923.pdf
Perez, L., & Puican, V. (2022). Tax culture and compliance with tax obligations of micro-entrepreneurs in the central market, Jaen, Peru. Sapienza: International Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 3(2), 726-740. https://doi.org/10.51798/sijis.v3i2.386.
Phyllis, A., & Merima, O. (2022). Tax morale: Framing and fairness. Economic Systems, 46(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecosys.2021.100936.
Pirela, W. (2022). Influence Of University Education On The Formation Of The Tax Culture Of The Public Accountant. Visión de futuro, 26(1), 22-37. http://www.scielo.org.ar/pdf/vf/v26n1/1668-8708-VF-26-01-00022.pdf.
Ramzi, B., Ali, U., & Friedrich, S. (2021). Ethical behavior, auditing strength, and tax evasion: A worldwide perspective. Journal of International Accounting, Auditing and Taxation, 43, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intaccaudtax.2021.100380.
Rodríguez, J., Torres, M., & Vallejos, J. (2022). Tax culture and its influence on tax evasion, in the hardware sector, in the Soritor district, 2021. Sapienza: International Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 3(1), 412-427. https://doi.org/10.51798/sijis.v3i1.236.
Rodríguez, K., y Parrales, M. (2022). Moral y evasión tributaria en Mipymes ecuatorianas. ESPACIOS, 43(4), 13-29. https://doi.org/10.48082/espacios-a22v43n04p02.
Saavedra, S., & Romero, M. (2021). Local incentives and national tax evasion: The response of illegal mining to a tax reform in Colombia. European Economic Review, 138, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroecorev.2021.103843.
Sánchez, C. (2022). Blockchain y cultura tributaria en Colombia. Revista de Derecho Fiscal(20), 57-71. https://deliverypdf.ssrn.com/delivery.php?ID=226125090117000071069116021116126065052057047032095057123113011088087084088102113027096101058032022062055106089087015005117114114054094081027099022099022097124089099050048056029087101064120092000031002020071119
Savic, M., Atanasijevic, J., Jakovetic, D., & Krejic, N. (2022). Tax evasion risk management using a Hybrid Unsupervised Outlier Detection method. Expert Systems with Applications, 193, 1-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2021.116409.
Sugata, M., Suryaprakash, M., & Sandip, M. (2021). Tax evasion by tax deferment: Sham litigation with an informal credit market. European Journal of Political Economy, 69, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpoleco.2021.102008.
Ubago, Y., Pascual, P., & Zabaleta, I. (2022). Tax collection efficiency in OECD countries improves via decentralization, simplification, digitalization and education. Journal of Policy Modeling, 44(2), 298-318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpolmod.2022.03.003.
Uyar, A., Mustafa, A., Nimer, K., Schneider, F., & Hasnaoui, A. (2021). Does innovation capacity reduce tax evasion? Moderating effect of intellectual property rights. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 173, 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2021.121125.
Vilca, E. (2021). Cultura tributaria y evasión tributaria en las microempresas del mercado central de Puno - Periodo 2021. Tesis de pregrado, Universidad Privada San Carlos]. http://repositorio.upsc.edu.pe/bitstream/handle/UPSC/4747/Edith_VILCA_COAQUIRA.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Wynter, C., & Oats, L. (2018). Don’t worry, we are not after you! Anancy culture and tax enforcement in Jamaica. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 57, 56-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpa.2018.01.004.
Zanabria, F. (2021). Cultura tributaria y la evasión tributaria en las MYPES del distrito de Puno 2021. [Tesis de pregrado, Universidad César Vallejo]. https://repositorio.ucv.edu.pe/bitstream/handle/20.500.12692/69960/Zanabria_PFV-SD.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Alex Lenin Guivin Guadalupe, Victor Hugo Puican Rodriguez, Henry Elder Ventura Aguilar, José Luis Aguilar Delgado, Erlith Tafur Huamán

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.